Encoding Standards and Exchange Formats

MARC21

The MARC formats are standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form.

BIBFRAME

Initiated by the Library of Congress, BIBFRAME provides a foundation for the future of bibliographic description, both on the web, and in the broader networked world that is grounded in Linked Data techniques. A major focus of the initiative is to determine a transition path for the MARC 21 formats while preserving a robust data exchange that has supported resource sharing and cataloging cost savings in recent decades.